Kitulo National Park
Kitulo National Park is one of the national parks located in the montane grassland and montane forest on the Kitulo Plateau in the southern highlands of Tanzania. The park is at an elevation of 2,600 meters (8,500 feet) between the peaks of the Kipengere and Poroto mountains and covers an area of 412.9 square kilometers (159.4 sq mi), lying in the Mbeya Region and Njomb Region. The park is managed by Tanzania National Parks (TANAPA) and is the first national park in tropical Africa to be established primarily to protect its flora. The distance between Dar es Salaam and the park is about 637 km. the easiest flight from Dar es Salaam Airport to Mbeya Airport is the direct flight which takes 1 to 1.5 hours.
Kitulo National Park was officially gazetted on July 19, 2005. The establishment of this park was instrumental in preserving its distinct ecosystem and species, particularly due to the increasing threats from agricultural encroachment and habitat degradation. The was created primarily to protect the rich biodiversity of the Kitulo National Park, particularly its numerous orchids species. Before being designated a national park, the area was recognized for its ecological significance and was declared a nature reserve in 2002.
Tourist attractions in Kitulo National Park
Plant species
Kitulo National Park is floristically reached with at least 350 species of vascular plants documented so far from the plateau. Kitulo highlands appear to be a major geographical ground for species typical of Eastern and Southern Africa region and so extremely rich in endemic and rare species not protected elsewhere in Tanzania, the park is home to the fascinating Livingstone Forest, some of the tree species in the forest are Hagenia abyssinica, Ocotea usambarensis, Juniperus procera, and Khaya anthoceca. The forest is also characterized by mountain Bamboo, (Sinarundinaria alpina). Kitulo is rich in flora species with 350 species of high plants recorded, including 45 species of terrestrial Orchids, of which 31 species are endemic to Tanzania, 16 are endemic to Kitulo and Poroto Mountains and at least 3 species are endemic to Kitulo National Park. Two species are only known to be in Kitulo and adjoining forests. The abundance of plants in the wet season has been described as the greatest flora marvel of the World.
Flowers
Kitulo National Park is often referred to as the “Serengeti of flowers” due to the stunning display of wildflowers, especially orchids, that bloom in the wetlands and grasslands. The national park is home to over 350 species of flowering plants that have been documented here, including more than 45 species of orchids, which are particularly reversed by botanists and nature lovers. The abundance of these plants creates a spectacular landscape, especially during the rainy season when vibrant colors dominate the scenery.
Wildlife
Kitulo National Park is not only significant for its flora but also boasts a diverse array of wildlife. The park is home to several species including antelope species such as the impressive blue wildebeest, southern reedbuck, and the endangered roan antelopes, reptiles and amphibians such as snakes, lizards, and frogs. The park is also a haven for numerous invertebrate species including butterflies and various pollinators crucial for the ecosystem’s health. Besides the antelopes, Kitulo National Park is home to other mammals like the cape buffalo and elephants, which occasionally wander the park’s boundaries. The presence of predators such as the African wild dog and leopards, albeit in smaller numbers, is an important aspect of the local ecosystem.
Birds
With over 200 species of birds recorded, Kitulo National Park is a paradise for birdwatchers. The park is a crucial habitat for birds such as White-faced Whistling Duck, Spur-winged Goose, African Pygmy Goose, Fulvous Whistling Duck, Helmeted Guineafowl, Crested Francolin, Harlequin Quail, Shelley’s Francolin, Grey-breasted Spurfowl, Mourning Collared Dove, African Green Pigeon, Blue-spotted Wood Dove, Yellow-throated Sandgrouse, Mozambique Nightjar, African Palm Swift, Coppery-tailed Couca, African Emerald Cuckoo, African Black Couca, Black Crake, Grey Crowned Crane, Black-bellied Bustard, White-bellied Go-away-bird, Bare-faced Go-away-bird, Ross’s Turaco, Marabou,
The Kitulo Plateau
The Kitulo Plateau is arguably the crown jewel of Kitulo National Park, often referred to as the “Garden of God” due to its breathtaking floral diversity. The Plateau covers an area of over 400 square kilometers and is renowned for its spectacular display of wildflowers, especially during the wet season from November to April.
Ndumbi Forest
Ndumbi Forest is one of the most stunning attractions in Kitulo National Park, known for its rich biodiversity and magnificent landscapes. This area is characterized by dense, verdant montane forests that provide a habitat for numerous species of flora and fauna
Livingstone Forest
Livingstone Forest, another treasure within Kitulo National Park is a spectacular expanse of montane forest that serves as a crucial ecosystem for various wildlife species. Rich in endemic plant species, this forest is teeming with life, including numerous bird species that attract avid bird watchers seeking to spot rare endemic varieties like the Uluguru bush-shrike. The forest also houses small mammals and insects contributing to the vibrant food web.
The Ngongongare Waterfall
The Ngongongare Waterfall is a captivating natural feature in Kitulo National Park, providing a serene atmosphere for visitors seeking relaxation and adventure. This picturesque waterfall cascades down rocky cliffs, creating a refreshing pool at its base that is perfect for a quick dip or tranquil moment amidst nature’s beauty. The surrounding area is rich in biodiversity, making it an ideal spot for birdwatching and enjoying the melodious calls of various bird species. The hike to the waterfall is a moderate trek that offers opportunities to encounter local wildlife and explore the lush montane forest
Amazing thing to do in Kitulo National Park
Birdwatching: Kitulo National Park often referred to as the Serengeti of flowers, is a paradise for birdwatchers. The park hosts over 200 bird species including rare and endemic ones such as the Kitulo endemic rock thrust and the dazzling blue swallow. The varied ecosystem ranges from grasslands to montane forests, providing an ideal habitat for a diverse bird population. birdwatchers can explore the park during early morning hours when birds are most active. Other birds that can be sighted while on a birdwatching safari in the park include Bare-faced Go-away-bird, Ross’s Turaco, Marabou, European White Stork, Abdim’s Stork, Yellow-billed Stork, Great White Pelican, Hamerkop, Black-crowned Night Heron, Grey Heron, Cattle Egret, Great Egret, Long-tailed Cormorant, African Spoonbill, African Sacred Ibis, African Darter, Black-winged Stilt, Spur-winged Lapwing, African Jacana, Common Greenshank, Black-chested Snake Eagle and White-backed Vulture among others.
Game viewing: Although Kitulo is famous for its stunning floral landscape, it also offers excellent opportunities for game viewing. The park is home to various wildlife species including reedbuck, zebras, elands, waterbucks, blue wildebeest, lizards, snakes, frogs, giraffes, lions’ wild dogs, leopards, various primates such as black and white colobus monkeys, vervet monkeys, Kipunji monkeys among others. while on your game drive safari, you will have the chance to spot these incredible animals as they graze in the lush grasslands or roam near water sources. Game viewing in the park is a guided tour and is mostly done early in the morning and evening when the animals are most active.
Hiking: Kitulo National Park offers exceptional hiking opportunities, set against a backdrop of breathtaking and rich biodiversity. The park’s numerous trails cater to various skill levels, allowing adventures to explore its unique ecosystem, from rolling grasslands filled with wildflowers to dramatic mountainous terrain. Hiking tours in the park can be done either in the Mount Rungwe, Kipengere, or Poroto mountains, while on your hiking safari in the park, you will have the chance to spot a variety of fascinating creatures such as vibrant flora like orchids, wildlife species such as reedbuck, elands, leopards, lions and primate species like vervet monkeys, white and black colobus, kipunji monkeys, colorful birds as well as fascinating butterflies among others
Walking safaris: Walking safari in Kitulo National Park offers a unique way to engage with the environment, allowing visitors to immerse themselves in the sights, sounds and smells of the wild. Led by experienced local guides. These safaris provide a more tactile experience of the park’s diverse ecosystem. During your walking safari in the park, you will have the chance to observe flora and fauna up close, learning about the intricate relationship within the ecosystem and the importance of conservation. These amazing safaris are always conducted in the morning and late afternoon while following the best trails such as a walk across the grassland, and Livingstone Forest which leads you to Matema beach on Lake Nyasa. Along the way, you will have the chance to spot a variety of bird nests, observe plant species as well as have a close view of the animals that dwell in the park’s landscape.
The best time to visit Kitulo National Park
The best time to visit Kitulo National Park is during the months of December to April, which is the rainy season in Tanzania. This is when the park comes alike with a riot of colors as thousands of wildflowers bloom across the landscape. During this time, for those seeking adventurous safaris, the best time to visit is during the dry season which runs from May to October, this is the best time for hiking tours and nature walks.
Where to stay in Kitulo National Park
Tourists planning to explore the hidden gems of the Kitulo National Park shouldn’t worry about where to sleep or stay. The park has a variety of accommodation options to cater to its visitors while on a Tanzania safari in Kitulo National Park. These accommodation facilities range from luxury, midrange, and budget levels such as Landmark Hotel Tukuyu Mbeya, Golden City Hotel, Blue Canoe Safari Camp, Matema Lake Shore Resort, Capetown Annex Guest House, Capetown Hotel, Dosmeza Hotel, Hotel Desderia- Mbeya, Impoma Garden Lodge, Karibuni Center Mbeya, Mexons Cliff Hotel, Mbeya Hotel, Midtown Hotel, Royal Tughimbe Hotel among others
How to get to Kitulo National Park
The park can be accessed in various ways;
Air transport: reaching Mbeya airport from Dar es Salaam takes approximately 1 to 1.5 hours. Alternatively, long-distance buses from Dar es Salaam to Mbeya serve those who prefer overland travel, with journeys lasting 12 to 16 hours. Mbeya itself acts as a gateway to the park, offering various transport options. Upon reaching Mbeya, you can hire a taxi, rent a car, or join an organized tour to navigate the 90-kilometer stretch to Kitulo National Park. the journey typically takes 2 to 3 hours, depending on road conditions.
